1.
Haiku a.) Haiku’s are short poems consisting with 17-syllables. Usually written in three lines with a 5-7-5 syllable count, Haiku’s focuses attention on a single moment, usually pertaining to nature or our senses. Haiku’s originated from the Japanese culture. They called the beginning of their poems ‘hokku’ meaning ‘starting verse’, in which the word haiku derived from.
b. ) Basho, Buson and Issa, were men living during Japan's Edo-period (1600-1868), whose work influenced the way haiku’s are written even today. They all grew up in rural villages and spent most of their days writing poetry and exploring the natural world around them. Because they were so in tuned with nature, many of their poems were focused around nature. Basho was considered the father of haiku’s, as he devoted most of his life to perfecting his skill.
c.) Example of a Basho Haiku:
Autumn moonlight—
a worm digs silently
into the chestnut.
http://www.cranberrydesigns.com/poetry/haiku/history.htm2.
Limerick
a.) Limerick's are humorous, five lined poems, which sometimes are nonsense. The rhyme scheme is usually a-a-b-b-a. Limerick's were often used in Nursery Rhymes and other poems for children.
b.) Limerick's originated from the small Irish town of Limerick. Limerick's were often sung in taverns or pubs in local towns, and before long Limerick's were known by everyone. They have fun, catchy tones, and are enjoyed by everyone.
c.) Limerick by Edward Lear:
There was an Old Person whose habits,
Induced him to feed upon rabbits;
When he'd eaten eighteen,
He turned perfectly green,
Upon which he relinquished those habits.
http://www.poetry-online.org/limericks.htm3.
Tongue Twisters
a.) Tongue Twisters are sequences of words difficult to pronounce, especially rapidly, because of alliteration or a slight variation of consonant sounds.
b.) The history of Tongue Twisters is unknown, however it is known that they are often used in children's books and novels. Some famous tongue twister poets were Mary Anning, Joseph Rosenbaum, and Michael Artell.
c.) Example:
A skunk sat on a stump
and thunk the stump stunk,
but the stump thunk the skunk stunk.
http://www.fun-with-words.com/tong_example.html